What does chip load refer to in machining terms?

Chip load refers to the thickness of the material that is removed by each cutting edge of a tool during a single revolution of the tool. This measurement is critical in machining as it directly affects the efficiency, quality of the cut, tool life, and the finish of the machined part.

When a cutting tool rotates and engages with the workpiece, each tooth of the cutter chips away a certain amount of material. The chip load is influenced by various factors, including cutting speed, feed rate, and the type of material being machined. A proper chip load ensures the tool is not overloaded, which can lead to faster wear, breakage, or poor surface finish, while also preventing underloading that can result in inefficient cutting and longer machining times.

Understanding chip load is essential for machinists to optimize their machining processes and achieve the desired results while maintaining tool longevity and workpiece integrity.