Red Seal Machinist Practice Exam

What does the term "chip load" refer to in machining?

1. The total weight of cut metal

2. The thickness of material removed by each cutting edge

3. The speed at which the tool moves

4. The amount of coolant used

The correct answer is: The thickness of material removed by each cutting edge

The term "chip load" refers specifically to the thickness of material removed by each cutting edge of a tool during a machining operation. This concept is crucial in understanding and optimizing the cutting process, as it directly affects tool wear, surface finish, and overall machining efficiency. When a cutting tool engages a workpiece, it removes material in the form of chips. The chip load describes how much material each individual cutting edge of a multi-point tool (like a milling cutter or insert) removes with each revolution or pass. This measurement is particularly important because if the chip load is too high, it can lead to excessive wear or damage to the cutting tool, while a chip load that is too low can result in inefficient cutting and increased production time. Understanding chip load allows machinists to select appropriate feeds and speeds for their tools, ensuring optimal performance and longevity of the cutting tools. Proper chip load also influences the heat generated during the cutting process, helping to maintain the quality of both the tool and the finished part.