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What is the primary purpose of a dial caliper in machining?

  1. To measure weight of materials

  2. To measure internal and external dimensions with high accuracy

  3. To determine the speed of a rotating part

  4. To inspect surface finish quality

The correct answer is: To measure internal and external dimensions with high accuracy

A dial caliper is specifically designed for measuring internal and external dimensions with high accuracy, making it an essential tool in machining. The primary purpose of this instrument is to provide precise measurements of parts, which is crucial for ensuring that components fit together as intended and meet specified tolerances. It features a scale with a dial that allows the user to read measurements quickly, which enhances the efficiency of the machining process. For example, when machining a part that requires specific dimensions, using a dial caliper helps in verifying the measurements of both the outer diameter and the internal diameter effectively. This versatility in measurement, coupled with precision, underscores the tool's relevance to machining. Other options do not align with the primary functions of a dial caliper. The device does not measure weight (which is typically done with scales), nor does it assess the speed of rotating parts or inspect surface finish quality—these tasks are typically managed with entirely different tools designed specifically for those purposes.