Red Seal Machinist Practice Exam

Which material is commonly used for manufacturing cutting tools?

1. Ceramic

2. High-speed steel (HSS)

3. Carbon steel

4. Aluminum alloys

The correct answer is: High-speed steel (HSS)

High-speed steel (HSS) is widely used for manufacturing cutting tools due to its exceptional properties that enhance performance during machining processes. HSS retains its hardness even when exposed to high temperatures generated during cutting operations, which is crucial for maintaining cutting edge longevity and efficiency. The chemical composition of HSS typically includes elements such as tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, and vanadium, which contribute to its hardness, toughness, and wear resistance. These characteristics make HSS suitable for a variety of applications, including twist drills, end mills, and taps, where durable and heat-resistant materials are essential. Ceramics, while they have excellent wear resistance and can withstand high temperatures, are more brittle and are generally limited to specific applications. Carbon steel, although historically used for cutting tools, does not provide the same level of heat resistance and toughness as HSS, making it less favorable for high-performance cutting. Aluminum alloys are not suitable for cutting tools due to their low hardness and strength compared to harder materials, which limits their effectiveness in machining operations.